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Migration Period
The Migration Period, better known as the ''Barbarian Invasions'' also referred to as the ''Völkerwanderung'' (in German),〔(''Völkerwanderung'' according to Collins )〕 was a period of intensified barbarian invasion in Europe, often defined from the period when it seriously impacted the Roman world, as running from about 376 to 800 AD〔John Hines, Karen Høilund Nielsen, Frank Siegmund, (The pace of change: studies in early-medieval chronology ), Oxbow Books, 1999, p. 93, ISBN 978-1-900188-78-4〕〔The delimiting dates vary; often cited are 410, the Sack of Rome by Alaric I; and 751, the accession of Pippin the Short and the establishment of the Carolingian dynasty.〕 during the transition from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages. This period was marked by profound changes both within the Roman Empire and beyond its "barbarian frontier". The barbarians who came first were Germanic tribes such as the Goths, Vandals, Angles, Saxons, Lombards, Suebi, Frisii, Jutes and Franks; they were later pushed westwards by the Huns, Avars, Slavs, Bulgars and Alans.〔Bury, J. B., The Invasion of Europe by the Barbarians, Norton Library, 1967.〕
Later barbarian invasions (such as the Viking, Norman, Hungarian, Moorish, Turkic, and Mongol invasions) also had significant effects (especially in North Africa, the Iberian peninsula, Anatolia and Central and Eastern Europe); however, they are outside the scope of the Migration Period.
==Chronology==
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